Chart

European metalwork and Western metal smiths devised the first guns and cannons. Learnt how to design better shipping ships. || The Enlightment grew from the Scientific Revolution. Women were able to yield powerful amounts of power from behind the scenes. || Gold was found in South America by the Portuguese. || Silver and gold mined in South America soon became a global currency seeked by most people. The silver and gold was considered valuable and who ever held much of it was held superior to others. || Europeans continued to conquer and divide the Empires in order to gain land and gold. Europeans terrified the natives with their guns which proved them superior. || Was occasionally fought over by European powers and mostly by England. Relied on Slaves and even when they stopped to import them they used Creole slaves that were being born and nurtured by salt water slaves. || Massacres were presented to make the natives fear the Europeans and their guns. || Encomiendas were given to the individual conqueror’s region. They adopted silver as their currency. || Women were able to yield powerful amounts of power from behind the scenes. Continued to be relied on by Europeans for items such as spices and luxury clothes. || This led them to sustain a standard living superior to that of Western Europe ||  Introduced the magnetic compasses, and other navigational devices such as the sternpost rudder, triangular latern sails, and astrolabe. New military technology such as guns and gun powder were now adopted by Europeans and were in growing use. || Women were able to yield powerful amounts of power from behind the scenes. Reviving and maintaing its system of government || Enslavement was sometimes encouraged by the approval of the local lords. || Women outnumbering men was an encouragement for polygamy. || Women were able to yield powerful amounts of power from behind the scenes. More men than women were seized. Preserved earlier traditional of divine kinship. || Test Prep  Use the table below to take notes on major events/developments that occurred during this time period. Key Terms that you need to know  · Italian Renaissance- a reformation that placed secular emphasized on objects such as love and pride, turned painting into new realisms and classical and human centered themes, and decline religion as the central focus.  · Humanism- a focus on humankind as the center of intellectual and artistic endeavor.  · Northern Renaissance- a renaissance that focused mainly in France, the Low Countries, Germany, and England, began after 1450.  · European Style Family- a pattern that involved a late marriage age and placed an emphasized on nuclear families rather than extended families that were primary known in agricultural civilizations.  · Protestantism- a general wave of religious dissent that urged state control of the church as an alternative to papal authority, and this in its own held an obvious political appeal.  · Jesuits- a new religious order that became active in politics, education, and missionary work, regaining some parts of Europe for the Church.  · Edict of Nantes- put an end to the disputes among the religions by granting tolerance to the protestants.  · Thirty Years War- a war between the German Protestants that were backed by the Lutheran Sweden and the Holy Roman Emperor who received support from Spain. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Treaty of Westphalia- a treaty that ended the thirty years war, and agreed to the territorial tolerance concept that allowed some principally states and cities choose a religion while others choose another and allowed the Protestant Netherlands gain their full independence from Spain. <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Proletariat- people without wealth to west producing property <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Scientific Revolution- <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Absolutism <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Enlightenment <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Boyars <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Cossacks <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Time of Troubles (Russia) <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Romanov Dynasty <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Peter the Great <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Catherine the Great <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Obrok <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Pugachev Rebellion <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Serfdom <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Encomiendas <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Hispaniola <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Mita <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Columbian Exchange <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Treaty of Tordesillas <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Recopilacion <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Council of the Indies <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Sociedad de castas <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Peninsulares <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Creoles <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Factories <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · El Mina <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Royal African Company <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Indies Piece <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Triangular Trade <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Asante <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Benin <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Dahomey <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Great Trek <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Mfecene <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Middle Passage <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Diaspora <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Ottomans <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Janissaries <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Vizier <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Safavid <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Mughals <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Sati <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Asian sea trading network <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Zhenghe <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Tokugawa Japan <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · School of National Learning (Japan) <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;"> · Mercantilism <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt; line-height: 115%;">
 * Region ||  Major Events  ||  Major Developments  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Major Continuities  ||
 * Western Europe || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">The Northern Renaisssance The Catholic church was attacked by people such as Martin Luther who believed that it was growing corrupt which eventually led to the Protestant Reformation.  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">The steady progression of exploration by Europeans along the Atlantic coast of Africa.
 * Central/South Americas || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Silver found and mined by South American Indians soon reached other regions.
 * North America || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">When slavery was introduced to America by the Europeans.  || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Slaves were the perfect labor force to work and plantations and so North Americans began to import more of them.  ||  North America was a place where refugees from Europe (England) would settle.
 * Russia ||  Gained independence from the Mongols in the 1480’s  ||  Under Peter the Great’s reign they developed a strong military and a strong naval base. Which made them the kings of the sea.  ||  Westernization was the main goal for leaders such as Peter the Great and Catherine the Great who thought that Russia would benefit if it tried being more like the superior region.  ||
 * Middle East || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">The Ottoman Turks were able to seize power of Constantinople the leading Christian nation at the time.  ||  A great contributor to profound ground-breaking technology that was discovered by the Muslims.  ||  Was a region that was dominated by the Muslims. They dominated trade and everything else.  ||
 * India || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Indian enslavement was prohibited unless from war in exchange that labor is available and taxation.
 * China || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Adopted silver as their currency.
 * Japan || <span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 10pt;">Rise of Japanese Confuciasm.  ||   ||   ||
 * Sub-Saharan Africa ||  The invasion of Europeans in the region was welcome by a few city- states.